Ping Zhou, Jirong Mao, Liang Zhang, Alessandro Patruno, Enrico Bozzo, Yanjun Xu, Andrea Santangelo, Silvia Zane, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Hua Feng, Yuri Cavecchi, Barbara De Marco, Junhui Fan, Xian Hou, Pengfei Jiang, Patrizia Romano, Gloria Sala, Lian Tao, Alexandra Veledina, Jacco Vink, Song Wang, Junxian Wang, Yidi Wang, Shanshan Weng, Qingwen Wu, Fei Xie, Guobao Zhang, Jin Zhang, Zhanhao Zhao, Shijie Zheng, Samuzal Barua, Yue-Hong Chen, Yupeng Chen, Shi-Jiang Chen, Liang Chen, Yongyun Chen, Xin Cheng, Yi-Heng Chi, Lang Cui, Domitilla de Martino, Wei Deng, Lorenzo Ducci, Ruben Farinelli, Fabo Feng, Mingyu Ge, Minfeng Gu, Hengxiao Guo, Dawei Han, Xinke Hu, Yongfeng Huang, Jean in't Zand, Long Ji, Jialai Kang, Yves Kini, Panping Li, Zhaosheng Li, Kuan Liu, Jiren Liu, Jieying Liu, Ming Lyu, Alessio Marino, Alex Markowitz, Mar Mezcua, Matt Middleton, Guobin Mou, C. -Y. Ng, Alessandro Papitto, Zhiyuan Pei, Jingqiang Peng, Juri Poutanen, Qingcang Shui, Scaringi Simone, Yang Su, Ying Tan, Xilu Wang, Pengju Wang, Di Wang, Fayin Wang, Junfeng Wang, Mengye Wang, Yusong Wang, Jiancheng Wu, Hubing Xiao, Dingrong Xiong, Xiaojie Xu, Rui Xue, Zhen Yan, Ming Yang, Chuyuan Yang, Wenxin Yang, Wentao Ye, Zhuoli Yu, Yuhai Yuan, Xiao Zhang, Lixia Zhang, Shujie Zhao, Qingchang Zhao, Yonggang Zheng, Wei Zheng, Wenwen Zuo

Scheduled for launch in 2030, the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization (eXTP) telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics. eXTP will feature three main payloads: Spectroscopy Focusing Arrays (SFAs), Polarimetry Focusing Arrays (PFAs), and a Wide-field Camera (W2C). This white paper outlines observatory science, incorporating key scientific advances and instrumental changes since the publication of the previous white paper [1]. We will discuss perspectives of eXTP on the research domains of flare stars, supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, cataclysmic variables, X-ray binaries, ultraluminous X-ray sources, AGN, and pulsar-based positioning and timekeeping.